| Keyword | Description |
|---|---|
| and | A logical operator |
| as | To create an alias |
| assert | For debugging |
| break | To break out of a loop |
| class | To define a class |
| continue | To continue to the next iteration of a loop |
| def | To define a function |
| del | To delete an object |
| elif | Used in conditional statements, same as else if |
| else | Used in conditional statements |
| except | Used with exceptions, what to do when an exception occurs |
| False | Boolean value, result of comparison operations |
| finally | Used with exceptions, a block of code that will be executed no matter if there is an exception or not |
| for | To create a for loop |
| from | To import specific parts of a module |
| global | To declare a global variable |
| if | To make a conditional statement |
| import | To import a module |
| in | To check if a value is present in a list, tuple, etc. |
| is | To test if two variables are equal |
| lambda | To create an anonymous function |
| None | Represents a null value |
| nonlocal | To declare a non-local variable |
| not | A logical operator |
| or | A logical operator |
| pass | A null statement, a statement that will do nothing |
| raise | To raise an exception |
| return | To exit a function and return a value |
| True | Boolean value, result of comparison operations |
| try | To make a try…except statement |
| while | To create a while loop |
| with | Used to simplify exception handling |
| yield | To return a list of values from a generator |
Built-in Exceptions
The table below shows built-in exceptions that are usually raised in Python:
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| ArithmeticError | Raised when an error occurs in numeric calculations |
| AssertionError | Raised when an assert statement fails |
| AttributeError | Raised when attribute reference or assignment fails |
| Exception | Base class for all exceptions |
| EOFError | Raised when the input() method hits an “end of file” condition (EOF) |
| FloatingPointError | Raised when a floating point calculation fails |
| GeneratorExit | Raised when a generator is closed (with the close() method) |
| ImportError | Raised when an imported module does not exist |
| IndentationError | Raised when indentation is not correct |
| IndexError | Raised when an index of a sequence does not exist |
| KeyError | Raised when a key does not exist in a dictionary |
| KeyboardInterrupt | Raised when the user presses Ctrl+c, Ctrl+z or Delete |
| LookupError | Raised when errors raised cant be found |
| MemoryError | Raised when a program runs out of memory |
| NameError | Raised when a variable does not exist |
| NotImplementedError | Raised when an abstract method requires an inherited class to override the method |
| OSError | Raised when a system related operation causes an error |
| OverflowError | Raised when the result of a numeric calculation is too large |
| ReferenceError | Raised when a weak reference object does not exist |
| RuntimeError | Raised when an error occurs that do not belong to any specific exceptions |
| StopIteration | Raised when the next() method of an iterator has no further values |
| SyntaxError | Raised when a syntax error occurs |
| TabError | Raised when indentation consists of tabs or spaces |
| SystemError | Raised when a system error occurs |
| SystemExit | Raised when the sys.exit() function is called |
| TypeError | Raised when two different types are combined |
| UnboundLocalError | Raised when a local variable is referenced before assignment |
| UnicodeError | Raised when a unicode problem occurs |
| UnicodeEncodeError | Raised when a unicode encoding problem occurs |
| UnicodeDecodeError | Raised when a unicode decoding problem occurs |
| UnicodeTranslateError | Raised when a unicode translation problem occurs |
| ValueError | Raised when there is a wrong value in a specified data type |
| ZeroDivisionError | Raised when the second operator in a division is zero |
Built-in Exceptions
https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_ref_exceptions.asp
https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_ref_glossary.asp
The table below shows built-in exceptions that are usually raised in Python:
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| ArithmeticError | Raised when an error occurs in numeric calculations |
| AssertionError | Raised when an assert statement fails |
| AttributeError | Raised when attribute reference or assignment fails |
| Exception | Base class for all exceptions |
| EOFError | Raised when the input() method hits an “end of file” condition (EOF) |
| FloatingPointError | Raised when a floating point calculation fails |
| GeneratorExit | Raised when a generator is closed (with the close() method) |
| ImportError | Raised when an imported module does not exist |
| IndentationError | Raised when indentation is not correct |
| IndexError | Raised when an index of a sequence does not exist |
| KeyError | Raised when a key does not exist in a dictionary |
| KeyboardInterrupt | Raised when the user presses Ctrl+c, Ctrl+z or Delete |
| LookupError | Raised when errors raised cant be found |
| MemoryError | Raised when a program runs out of memory |
| NameError | Raised when a variable does not exist |
| NotImplementedError | Raised when an abstract method requires an inherited class to override the method |
| OSError | Raised when a system related operation causes an error |
| OverflowError | Raised when the result of a numeric calculation is too large |
| ReferenceError | Raised when a weak reference object does not exist |
| RuntimeError | Raised when an error occurs that do not belong to any specific exceptions |
| StopIteration | Raised when the next() method of an iterator has no further values |
| SyntaxError | Raised when a syntax error occurs |
| TabError | Raised when indentation consists of tabs or spaces |
| SystemError | Raised when a system error occurs |
| SystemExit | Raised when the sys.exit() function is called |
| TypeError | Raised when two different types are combined |
| UnboundLocalError | Raised when a local variable is referenced before assignment |
| UnicodeError | Raised when a unicode problem occurs |
| UnicodeEncodeError | Raised when a unicode encoding problem occurs |
| UnicodeDecodeError | Raised when a unicode decoding problem occurs |
| UnicodeTranslateError | Raised when a unicode translation problem occurs |
| ValueError | Raised when there is a wrong value in a specified data type |
| ZeroDivisionError | Raised when the second operator in a division is zero |